How to read a crochet pattern

When crocheting, crochet patterns are our guide. There are two main formats:

1. Written patterns with words → describe the instructions step by step, using abbreviations for the stitches.
2. Graphic patterns or diagrams → represent stitches using universal symbols.

To learn how to read crochet patterns, it is useful to master both formats, as many publications and designers may use one or the other.

👉 You can consult our crochet basic stitch chart with abbreviations, English names, and the height of each stitch.

Written patterns with abbreviations

In this format, each round is described in text. To simplify things, abbreviations such as these are used:

• ch. = chain
• sl st. = slip stitch
• dc. = double crochet

Example: rectangular piece in double crochet (3 rows)

• Chain 13 stitches to start.
• Row 1: dc. in the 5th ch. from the hook and dc. in the remaining stitches (9 dc.).
• Row 2: ch 3 to turn, 9 dc.
• Row 3: ch 3, 9 dc. Finish with a sl st.

Graphic patterns with symbols

Crochet diagrams use universal symbols that represent each stitch. This makes them understandable in any language.

For example:

• An oval usually represents a chain stitch.
• A cross or X indicates a single crochet.
• A T with a bar represents a double crochet.

In the previous example (3 rows of double crochet), the graphic pattern would show:

• A row of 13 ovals (chain stitches).
• Above them, 9 “T” symbols representing the double crochet stitches (the 3 turning chains rising upward are the 3 chains that count as the first stitch).
• Two additional rows of “T” symbols to complete the 3 rows (with their turning chains).

Tips for reading crochet patterns

• Always identify the abbreviations or symbols before you start. Many patterns include a key.
• Read the entire row first to understand the flow before crocheting it.
• Count the foundation and turning stitches carefully, as the shape of the piece depends on them.
• Mark each row with a stitch marker or pencil so you do not lose your place.

Conclusion

Knowing how to read a crochet pattern, whether written or graphic, will open the door to countless projects. Once you master the abbreviations and symbols, you will be able to interpret patterns in any language and at any difficulty level.

👉 Continue to the final chapter: Tips for getting started with crochet 

👉 Back to the index of the ONLINE COURSE FOR LEARNING TO CROCHET